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{{PageHead|[[Malinow]]|[[Molecular Methods]]|[[Quantum Dots]]|[[Choquet]]|[[AMPAR]]}}
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<div style="font-size:24px; font-family:Century Gothic;">Study Timeline [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Choquet%20D%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12970178 - PubMed]</div>
 
 
 
 
==Summary==
 
{{ExpandBox|2003 Direct imaging of lateral movements of AMPA receptors inside synapses|
{{Article|Tardin, Cognet, Bats, Lounis, Choquet|2003|EMBO - [http://bradleymonk.com/media/Choquet5.pdf PDF]|12970178|Direct imaging of lateral movements of AMPA (GluR2) receptors inside synapses}}
 
;Tested effects of glutamate and calcium influx on GluR2 diffusion.
*Anti-GluR2 antibodies labeled with Cy5 or Alexa-647
 
 
;Glutamate (100 uM) effect on GluR2
* {{Up}} diffusion rate
* {{Up}} (85%) endocytosis (within 15 min)
* {{Up}} (55%) diffusion within synapses
* {{Nc}} diffusion rate non-synaptic
* {{Dn}} (30%) completely immobile receptors
 
 
;Calcium (induced) influx effect
* {{Dn}} (%) mobile GluR2
* {{Up}} (59%) GluR2 membrane expression
 
 
;Calcium blocking (BAPTA) effect
* {{Up}} (%) mobile GluR2
}}<!-- END ARTICLE -->
 
 
{{ExpandBox|2004 Differential activity-dependent regulation of the lateral mobilities of AMPA and NMDA receptors|
{{Article|Groc L, Heine M, Cognet L, Brickley K, Stephenson FA, Lounis B, Choquet D.|2004|Nature Neuroscience - - [http://bradleymonk.com/media/Choquet6.pdf PDF]|15208630|Differential activity-dependent regulation of the lateral mobilities of AMPA and NMDA receptors}}
[[File:Choquet 2004b.png|thumb|left|500px|
* TTX - block neural activity <br>
* KCl - envoke neural activity <br>
* TPA - stimulate PKC
]]{{Clear}}
 
{{Box|width=20%|KCl|
;synaptic
* {{Up}}{{Nc}}  GluR2
* {{Nc}} NMDAR
;extrasynaptic
* {{Up}} GluR2
* {{Nc}} NMDAR
}}
 
{{Box|width=20%|TTX|
;synaptic
* {{Nc}} GluR2
* {{Nc}} NMDAR
;extrasynaptic
* {{Dn}} GluR2
* {{Nc}} NMDAR
}}
 
{{Box|width=20%|TPA|
;synaptic
* {{Up}} GluR2
* {{Up}} NMDAR
;extrasynaptic
* {{Dn}} GluR2
* {{Up}} NMDAR
}}
}}
}}<!-- END ARTICLE -->
{{ExpandBox|2007 Diffusional trapping of GluR1 AMPA receptors by input-specific synaptic activity|
{{Article|Ehlers, Heine, Groc, Lee, Choquet|2007|Neuron - [http://bradleymonk.com/media/Choquet2007B.pdf PDF]|17481397|Diffusional trapping of GluR1 AMPA receptors by input-specific synaptic activity}}
;Silenced synapses (compared to active synapses)
* {{Dn}} (50%) GluR1
* {{Nc}} PSD-95
* {{Nc}} presynaptic VGLUT1
* {{Nc}} presynaptic bassoon
* {{Nc}} puncta size of PSD-95 Shank bassoon
;GluR1 QDots diffusion rate
* high - extrasynaptic
* medium - inactivated synapses
* low - active synapses
;GluR1 QDots features
* often passed through silenced synapses
* often moved from silenced to active synapse
* rarely (2 of 1700) moved from active to silenced synapse
* often (76.1%) exited inactive synapse (60 s period)
* rarely (21.4%) exited active synapse (60 s period)
;GluR1 QDots diffusion rate after synaptic reversal
* {{Nc}} at previously active synapses
* {{Nc}} at previously silenced synapses
[[File:Choquet2007B1.png|thumb|left|400px|
<b>Confinement of GluR1 in synapses</b><br>
* more confined at active synapses
]]
}}<!-- END ARTICLE -->
{{ExpandBox|2007 Interaction between Stargazin and PSD-95 Regulates AMPA Receptor Surface Trafficking|
{{Article|Bats, Groc, Choquet|2007|Neuron - [http://bradleymonk.com/media/Choquet2007D.pdf PDF]|17329211|The Interaction between Stargazin and PSD-95 Regulates AMPA Receptor Surface Trafficking}}
;Notes
* Quantum Dot
* FRAP
* Live hippocampal neurons
* exchange of [[AMPAR]] by lateral diffusion between extrasynaptic and synaptic sites mostly depends on the interaction of Stargazin with [[PSD-95]] and not upon the GluR2 [[AMPAR]] subunit C terminus.
* Disruption of interactions between Stargazin and [[PSD-95]] strongly increases [[AMPAR]] surface diffusion, preventing [[AMPAR]] accumulation at postsynaptic sites.
* AMPARs and Stargazin diffuse as complexes in and out synapses.
}}<!-- END ARTICLE -->


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Latest revision as of 16:06, 28 May 2015

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